Hilton Hhonors Worldwide: Loyalty Wars

Hilton HHonors Worldwide: Loyalty Wars 1. Why do you think the modern form of FMPs is more sustainable than the earlier forms like trading stamps and coupons? Trading stamps and coupons were required to give in to newer forms of loyalty programs because: oCompetitive pressure has made it necessary for corporates to innovate oTrades and coupons are not differentiating factors because they can be easily emulated by competitors †¢Modern FMPs are more sustainable because they can withstand emulation due to the following reasons: oFMPs can provide individual customised experiences for each consumer oData ware housing capabilities of computers has made information required for such customization easily available oFMPs can benefit alliances through mutually beneficial loyalty programs oFMPs also help in segmenting customers and formulate customized services to each segment 2. What are the benefits of HHonors Program to Hilton? Hilton would benefit from the HHonors Program through the f ollowing methods; oEfficient estimation of â€Å"Walking Cost†: The program would provide historical information about the customers and thus aid Hilton to gauge the customers’ characteristics which in turn would lead to better revenue and yield management oBenefits from Double Dipping: The program allowed transfer of benefits within Hilton and its partners which allowed both sides to earn currencies through joint customers. oBetter scope of gaining franchises/management contracts: The program’s ability to drive business made it more lucrative for the smaller hotels to strike deal with Hilton oEnhanced customer relationship: The program enabled Hilton to provide customised hotel experiences for each of its guests which would in turn help Hilton and its collaborators become the customer’s favourite oHelp gain corporate contracts: Hilton’s major business came through corporate clients and this program would aid the corporate travel managers ensure co mpliance to their overall travel policy 3. What is the decision problem of Jeff Diskin? What alternatives are left with him for HHonors program with announcement of competitive rewards program by Starwood? †¢Context: Starwood, one of the major competitors of Hilton, has announced the launch of â€Å"Starwood Preferred Guest Program† which is anticipated to be a bigger loyalty program than Hilton’s HHW which would be aided by a huge investment in advertising †¢Dilemma: Jeff Diskin, as the head of Hilton HHonors, has to take a call on Hilton’s reaction to the announcement and its future course of action. †¢Alternatives: Jeff Diskin currently has the following options to decide from; oCompete point to point with Starwood Position HHonors differently from Starwoods and hold on to loyal members oCut down on its costs and deliver the same business to gain better margins 4. What should he do? Why? The various alternatives can be evaluated as mentioned in the table given below; †¢All the four major hotel chains will soon start competing on frequent-stay programs thus leading to price wars which may result in serious damage to the industry. †¢Overtly generous loyalty programs have various risks which include the following: oCustomers tend to be variety-seeking and use loyalty programs to make profits oThus even the repeating customers might go to other hotel chains oThe more the rewards, the greater the expectation customers will have. Thus the rewards will tend to be ever-higher oLoyalty programs generally function as discount programs. Thus by offering greater incentives, Hilton will implicitly train the customers to expect lower prices which will lead to reduced margins and thus lower revenues †¢Cost cutting measures are likely to be limited in such service industries. Thus, Jeff Diskin should avoid loyalty wars and maintain current rewards levels. Further, he should explore differentiating Hilton’s brand through sustainable brand loyalty. One possible measure could be to reposition the brand as a unique experience and create brand loyalty and brand passion as competitive advantages.

Napoleon Dynamite: High School Movie Painted on a Canvas Essay

Ahh yes, here we are again another high school movie filled with lots of loud hip music, partying, nudity, drugs, awkward social interaction, and teens rebelling against all authority and normalcy. That’s what these movies are about; right? Wrong. Napoleon Dynamite falls short of all stereotypical preconceived notions I had going into this movie. No everyday character trying to fit in, no parties, no sporting events that need to be won, and no drugs or drinking. The picture is actually very refreshing, the fact that it doesn’t have any of these rapidly changing scenes or dialogue filled with horny teens discussing their experiences and sexual destinies with each other. The introduction sets a long, slow pace for the movie, and really sets the artsy, low budget tone. Opening credits start with names written on items such as, school food, rulers, pencils, notebooks, and so on. The settings are dull, the music is strange and mellow, the wardrobe looks like it is from an early 90s thrift store, and it is set in a small town in Idaho which explains the movie so well. The main character is in fact Napoleon Dynamite, a nerd without much to brag about. He dawns coke bottle glasses, parachute pants, t-shirts with horses and dolphins on them, a fanny pack, and moon boots. He is everything a nerd would be from this era, but without the typical genius that normally comes with being a nerd. He isn’t a computer whiz and doesn’t engage in science or math club. In fact, he is actually part of the FFA which makes sense because he does help raise a llama at his grandma’s house, and also works for a day at a chicken coop. Don’t let any of this fool you, these are mere mentions for there is no part of Napoleon’s life that really dominates the movie. The movie consists of Napoleon, his brother Kipp, Pedro, and his Uncle Rico getting into lame situations and activities in a lame town. I mean as far as the major events consistent with teen movies, there is a dance and there is a school president election which becomes the main focus of the movie about ? of the way through the flick. Napoleon and Pedro run a campaign which amounts to maybe 4 scenes in the movie. They also have to ask out girls to the dance which maybe takes up 2 or 3 scenes, so it’s not centered on teen competition or romance. It really isn’t center around much, except the small adventures of the above mentioned characters. A worthy mention about this movie is that it is dry not just the humor but every aspect. It is dryer than a saltine cracker on a napkin, on a paper plate, in the middle of the Sahara desert. I mean dry. Every character involved is, not just Napoleon. The music, the scenery, the plot, the scenes, the interaction, and activities all fit together beautifully in this movie masterpiece. I can say this is definitely a work of art, this film is not a slap stick comedy by any means, but I found myself very pleased with the amount of laughter it brought into my life. There is no doubt this film will be a cult classic for years to come. This is a quote worthy movie, for the little dialogue that it does have. How or when to use those quotes in your daily life is probably a task however, mainly it would be while discussing Napoleon with another viewer. Short mention also, the camera work is simple and fabulous; they nailed the mood of the movie with the camera So what does happen in this movie you may be asking yourself? I have not really painted much of a selling review up to this point. It is a must see! If you have that eye for art, if you enjoy independent films, if you don’t mind an amateur cast, and you â€Å"get† dry humor than you need this movie in your life. I don’t want to spoil all of it for those who haven’t been graced with this movie. Napoleon calls his brother Kipp at home because he needs Chap Stick to cure his dry lips. Pedro has a sweet bicycle called the Sledgehammer and it is customized with pegs, shocks, and a Mexican flag on the back of the seat. Napoleon takes Kipp to a free trial at Rex-Kwan Do, a questionable martial arts instructor they saw on television; everyone knows that Kipp is training to be a cage fighter. Uncle Rico films himself throwing a football†¦ to nobody†¦ in a field†¦ alone†¦ with a van. Pedro shaves his head because his hair is making him hot. If that isn’t enough to make you want to watch this film than I’m not sure you would enjoy it. Mainstream movie goers would probably be better off with the likes of American Pie or Super Bad. Also a mention in closing, there is no crude humor, no nudity, nor foul language, so this movie is appropriate for all ages.

The List of All U.S. Colleges With a Modern Languages Major

If you are interested in learning another language and increasing your understanding of a foreign culture, a modern language major could be the track to a fulfilling college experience and an array of interesting career paths. Keep reading to learn the reasons for studying modern languages, gain insight on what it takes to get into a top program, and see a comprehensive list of all the U.S. colleges with a modern languages major. The simplest reason for studying modern languages in college is that you’re interested in learning more about the world in which you inhabit. Languages considered for a degree in modern language are French, Spanish, German, English, Russian, Chinese, Arabic, and Japanese. More than learning how to speak and write a language, modern language majors gain an understanding of language as a system and its function within a social context while also learning about the culture, media, and politics of the regions that speak it. Â   The ability to effectively communicate with people with a different language and cultural context is becoming an increasingly valuable skill in a more globalized world. Graduates with a degree in modern languages are natural fits for positions as interpreters and translators, consultants and relations specialists for international businesses and tech developers, and in education. The median annual income for interpreters and translators in 2018 was $49,930 according to the Bureau of Labor and Statistics (BLS), which is slightly higher than the average national salary. The BLS also projects an abundance of opportunities in the future for interpreters, as they anticipate 18% growth in the field—more than twice as fast as the national average. Another good reason to study a foreign language? A Wharton and LECG Europe study found that studying a second language is correlated with about 2% more in annual income. In addition to being equipped for a language-related job, students studying modern languages also graduate with a host of skills that easily transfer across industries. Modern language majors are adept at communicating, adaptable to different situations and people, and multi-taskers. Learning a new language also makes students more aware of the use of their native language—making them better writers, speakers, and conversationalists. The ability to speak a second language makes a student more employable by helping them stand out from a field of applicants—this is especially true in globalized industries. Only about 10% of the U.S. population is multilingual—for comparison, in Europe, 52.7% of the population is multilingual—meaning when applying for a job there is a strong chance you’ll be the only multilingual candidate. In fact, a study by The New American Economy shows that between 2010 and 2015, the demand for bilingual workers more than doubled—going from 240,000 jobs to 630,000. No different than students hoping to study engineering, chemistry, or history, students seeking admission into top schools to pursue modern languages will need a robust college profile. One of the best ways to attract the attention of admissions officers is to maintain a strong GPA, high class rank, and show a willingness to challenge yourself academically by taking advanced courses, particularly in language and the humanities. Another fantastic way to stand out amongst a crowded field of applicants is through your extracurricular activities. Participation in your high school’s foreign language club, volunteering in a community where English is a second language, and tutoring are all tremendous ways to demonstrate an interest in a foreign language outside of the classroom. But don’t forget to highlight any interests outside of language as well! Sports, music, art, and volunteering are just a few of the activities that help admissions officials get a more comprehensive understanding of a student apart from their GPA and standardized test scores. Our Early Advising Program is a great way for 9th and 10th graders to get a head start on the college applications process. Paired with successful students at top-30 schools, high schoolers are advised on everything from choosing classes to what extracurricular activities to participate in—learning from students who just successfully navigated the application process and were admitted to a top school. Our College Strategy Program is designed for students further along in the college application process, helping high school juniors create college lists, solidify their college profile, and maximize this critical time in the admissions process. Most importantly, this program assists students in gaining admission into their first-choice schools—73% of participants enrolled in our College Strategy Program are accepted to top-20 schools. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. If you’re preparing to build your college list and are thinking about pursuing a modern language major, you’re in luck—we’ve taken the first step for you. Below is a list of all the colleges and universities in the U.S. that offer a modern language major. Anderson University (South Carolina) Arkansas State University | A–State Auburn University at Montgomery | AUM Austin Peay State University | APSU Bowling Green State University | BGSU California Baptist University | CBU California Lutheran University | CLU California Polytechnic State University | Cal Poly California State Polytechnic University, Pomona | Cal Poly Pomona California State University, Bakersfield | CSU Bakersfield California State University, Chico | CSU Chico California State University, Dominguez Hills | CSUDH California State University, East Bay | CSU East Bay California State University, Fresno | CSU Fresno California State University, Fullerton | CSU Fullerton California State University, Long Beach | Long Beach State California State University, Los Angeles | Cal State LA California State University, Monterey Bay | CSUMB California State University, Northridge | CSUN California State University, Sacramento | Sacramento State California State University, Stanislaus | Stanislaus State California State University Channel Islands | CSU Channel Islands California State University San Marcos | CSUSM Catholic University of America | CUA Central Washington University | CWU Charleston Southern University | CSU Christopher Newport University | CNU Coastal Carolina University | Coastal College of Mount Saint Vincent | CMSV College of Staten Island | CUNY CSI College of the Holy Cross | Holy Cross College of William & Mary | William & Mary Colorado State University–Pueblo | CSU Pueblo Concordia University Wisconsin | CUW Eastern New Mexico University | ENMU Eastern Washington University | EWU East Stroudsburg University of Pennsylvania | ESU East Tennessee State University | ETSU Fayetteville State University | FSU Florida International University | FIU Florida State College at Jacksonville | FSCJ Franciscan University of Steubenville Georgia Institute of Technology | Georgia Tech Grand Valley State University | GVSU Hobart and William Smith Colleges | HWS Indiana University Bloomington | Indiana Indiana University Northwest | IU Northwest Indiana University of Pennsylvania | IUP Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis | IUPUI Indiana University South Bend | IU South Bend Indiana University Southeast | IU Southeast Jacksonville State University | JSU Kutztown University of Pennsylvania | KU Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania | LHU Mansfield University of Pennsylvania Massachusetts Institute of Technology | MIT Metropolitan State University of Denver | MSU Denver Middle Tennessee State University | MTSU Millersville University of Pennsylvania | MU Minnesota State University Moorhead | MSUM New Jersey Institute of Technology | NJIT North Carolina A&T State University | N.C. A&T North Carolina Central University | NCCU North Carolina State University | NC State North Dakota State University | NDSU Northeastern Illinois University | NEIU Northeastern State University | NSU Northwest Missouri State University Notre Dame of Maryland University | NDMU Oklahoma State University–Oklahoma City | OSU–OKC Our Lady of the Lake University | OLLU Pennsylvania State University | PSU Point Loma Nazarene University | PLNU Queens College, City University of New York | CUNY QC Rochester Institute of Technology | RIT Rutgers University–New Brunswick | Rutgers Saginaw Valley State University | SVSU Saint Mary’s College of California | St. Mary’s Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota | SMU Sam Houston State University | SHSU Sewanee: The University of the South | Sewanee Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania | SRU South Carolina State University | SCSU Southeastern Oklahoma State University | SOSU Southeast Missouri State University | SEMO Southern Connecticut State University | SCSU Southern Illinois University Carbondale | SIU Southern Methodist University | SMU Southwestern Christian College | SwCC Southwestern Oklahoma State University | SWOSU St. John’s College | SJC (New Mexico) St. Joseph’s College (New York) | SJC State University of New York at Cortland | SUNY Cortland State University of New York at Fredonia | SUNY Fredonia State University of New York at New Paltz | SUNY New Paltz State University of New York at Old Westbury | SUNY Old Westbury State University of New York at Oneonta | SUNY Oneonta State University of New York at Oswego | SUNY Oswego State University of New York at Plattsburgh | SUNY Plattsburgh State University of New York at Potsdam | SUNY Potsdam Stephen F. Austin State University | SFA Tennessee Technological University | Tennessee Tech Texas A&M International University | TAMIU Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina | The Citadel The College at Brockport, State University of New York | SUNY Brockport The State University of New York at Albany | SUNY Albany The State University of New York at Binghamton | SUNY Binghamton The State University of New York at Buffalo | SUNY Buffalo The State University of New York at Geneseo | SUNY Geneseo The State University of New York at Stony Brook | SUNY Stony Brook United States Military Academy | Army University of Alaska Anchorage | UAA University of Alaska Fairbanks | UAF University of Arkansas at Monticello | UAM University of Arkansas–Fort Smith | UAFS University of California, Berkeley | UC Berkeley University of California, Davis | UC Davis University of California, Irvine | UC Irvine University of California, Los Angeles | UCLA University of California, Merced | UC Merced University of California, Riverside | UC Riverside University of California, San Diego | UCSD University of California, Santa Barbara | UCSB University of California, Santa Cruz | UCSC University of Central Arkansas | UCA University of Central Florida | UCF University of Central Missouri | UCM University of Colorado Boulder | CU Boulder University of Colorado Denver | CU Denver University of Hawaii at Hilo | UH Hilo University of Hawaii at Manoa | UH Manoa University of Houston–Downtown | UHD University of Houston–Victoria | UHV University of Illinois at Chicago | UIC University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign | UIUC University of Louisiana at Lafayette | UL Lafayette University of Louisiana at Monroe | ULM University of Maine at Farmington | UMF University of Mary Hardin–Baylor | UMHB University of Maryland, Baltimore County | UMBC University of Maryland, College Park | Maryland University of Mary Washington | UMW University of Massachusetts Amherst | UMass Amherst University of Massachusetts Boston | UMass Boston University of Massachusetts Dartmouth | UMass Dartmouth University of Michigan–Dearborn | UM-D University of Michigan–Flint | UofM-Flint University of Minnesota, Twin Cities | Minnesota University of Mississippi | Ole Miss University of Missouri–St. Louis | UMSL University of Nebraska at Kearney | UNK University of Nebraska–Lincoln | UNL University of Nevada, Las Vegas | UNLV University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | UNC University of North Carolina at Charlotte | UNC Charlotte University of North Carolina at Greensboro | UNC Greensboro University of North Carolina at Pembroke | UNC Pembroke University of North Carolina at Wilmington | UNC Wilmington University of Northwestern – St. Paul University of South Alabama | South University of South Carolina Upstate | USC Upstate University of Southern California | USC University of Southern Indiana | USI University of Southern Mississippi | Southern Miss University of South Florida St. Petersburg | USFSP University of St. Thomas (Minnesota) University of Texas at Arlington | UT Arlington University of Texas at Austin | UT Austin University of Texas at El Paso | UTEP University of Texas at San Antonio | UTSA University of Texas at Tyler | UT Tyler University of Texas of the Permian Basin | UT Permian Basin University of Wisconsin–La Crosse | UW–La Crosse University of Wisconsin-Madison | Wisconsin University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee | UWM University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh | UW Oshkosh University of Wisconsin–Platteville | UW–Platteville University of Wisconsin–River Falls | UW–River Falls University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point | UW–Stevens Point University of Wisconsin–Whitewater | UW–Whitewater Virginia Commonwealth University | VCU Washington and Jefferson College | W&J Washington University in St. Louis | WashU Western Connecticut State University | WCSU Western Washington University | WWU William Paterson University | WPUNJ Winston-Salem State University | WSSU York College, City University of New York | CUNY York Our College Applications Program is designed to support students through every step of the applications process, from building a college list to figuring out the financing and everything in between. Over the years, we’ve helped thousands of students attend their dream school, and we can do the same for you. Contact our team today!

How you helped another person and realized that you benefited as well Essay

How you helped another person and realized that you benefited as well - Essay Example Martha was sitting on a chair, wearing a new track suite and her sports shoes, her hair neatly collected with a matching blue ribbon, seeming a bit reluctant and hesitant. I signaled Martha to join me and she followed me like a cat being taken for a bath. We walked our way to the nearby public park. I told Martha that we will have a swift walk for the next 30 minutes. Both of us started with a slow and steady pace and Martha seemed to be doing fine, until I fastened my pace. I soon realized that Martha was way behind me and though she tried hard to catch up with me, she seemed to be tired and fatigued. Somehow we finished our 30 minute walk, followed by some stretching exercises. We continued with this routine for the next 3 days, until that fateful Monday came. As usual, when I entered the Butler household that morning, I saw a distressed Mrs. Butler, trying to console a weeping and sobbing Martha. I was a bit confused and perplexed. Mrs. Butler told me that somehow Martha was not willing to join me for her daily walk. She said she was feeling unwell, and excused me. I came back home, felling a bit bad. I talked about the issue with my mother. When I told her about our experiences in the past 3 days, she listened to me with an understanding smile. She told me that I simply cannot help Martha until I learn to see things from her perspective. She told me that Martha was badly overweight and was not used to an active way of life, not to mention the health problems she faced. For a fit person like me, a 30 minute walk and some exercise may be a piece of cake, but, for Martha it was a big challenge. To help Martha, I need to get into her shoes and think like her. The next morning I went to collect Martha. She was looking at me apprehensively. I greeted her with a big smile and pat her shoulders. We went to the park and I told her that today there will be no exercises. Instead we will just walk around, enjoying that beautiful morning. I

Industrial Growth and Competition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Industrial Growth and Competition - Essay Example Moral hazard originated in the insurance industry where Insurance firms realized that by protecting their customers from risks, they might be encouraging risky behaviors. In cases where there are high potential claims, an insurance firm will charge higher premiums. A moral hazard exists in these situations (Winter 2013): Lack of shared information: One party may happen to possess more information than the other party. For instance, a company selling investments may be aware that it will not succeed in the next two years based on its performance. Investors investing in the firm due to lack of enough information may think that the company is doing well. Principal-agent problem: When an agent or insurance broker is not in alignment with the individual it represents, moral hazards can exist. For instance, an insurance agent may recommend a bigger policy if that is the way of getting a special bonus. In some situations, the membership of the Euro may cause some moral hazards. A country in the community may imagine that if it faces many challenges, the other members will bail it out. For instance, a state may decide to grow its debts knowingly. When Greece joined the Euro, it took advantage of low-interest rates because of its membership in the Euro. The low-interest rates encouraged the country to keep borrowing until it realized too late that the country had borrowed too much. Greece continued to borrow knowing that it enjoyed low interest rates because of its membership in the Euro (Dam & Koetter 2012). If an individual has not insured his house, it implies that he will suffer losses in case of burglary or fire. An individual will be compelled to be careful by installing burglar alarms and employ guards to evade any unexpected event (Jaspersen & Richter 2015). In case a house is insured for its full value, if any bad

Muslim World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Muslim World - Essay Example In other words, Muslims are not at liberty to re-interpret the meaning of the Quran in order to support a religious reformation which embraces the modernization dictated by the twenty-first century. Indeed, as Schuon stresses, the Quran is eternal and its meaning transcends time and space (45). Its meaning does not change subject to our lifestyles or trends but, is unchanged throughout time. The implication, therefore, is that the methodology for interpreting the Quran is consistent, irrespective of the century for which and in which it is being interpreted. Consequently, Muslims today, as in the past and the future, should not question the method by which they can interpret the Quran for greater consistency with a particular century but, the correct methodology for uncovering both the esoteric and exoteric meaning of the Quran, irrespective of any particular century. Moslems should not try to delude themselves into believing that the meaning of the Quran can be adapted to suit the d emands of any specific time but should have faith in God and abide by the timelessness and eternity of His Message through an acceptance of the interpretations of religious scholars. The Quran is the basis of Islam and, as Schuon explicitly states, it is the Furqan (39). The implication here is, and as may be inferred from Schuon's discussion, the Quran is a book of Divine Laws and, as such establishes the difference between the moral and the immoral, the correct and the incorrect paths and, more so, differentiates between believers and non-believers. Indeed, as the Furqan, the Islamic laws and principles which it clearly communicates, and fully explicates, cannot be regarded as subject to flexible interpretations which are dictated by the lifestyles of a particular century. They are timeless and applicable to all ages. For greater emphasis on the virtual impossibility of justifying the modernization of Quranic interpretations for the establishment of greater harmony between the principles, lifestyles and believes particular to the Muslim and the Western worlds, Schuon emphasizes three points. Firstly, the Quran is eternal, written for all times and equally applicable to the past as it is to the present, and shall continue to be in the future. Secondly, the Quran is not subject to modernization, implying the imposition of new trends upon the Quran. Thirdly, given the first two, it is incumbent upon Moslems not to adopt practices that are un-Islamic and subsequently seek their religious legitimization through their supposed Islamicization. Such Islamicization efforts are dependant upon the re-interpretation of Islam in light of modernism and its demands (Schuon). The point that Schuon is making here is that the eternal and Divine nature of the Quran effectively de-legitimize any efforts to argue its irrelevancy to the twenty-first century or to re-interpret it in light of the values and practices that the Muslim world is constantly borrowing and adopting from the West. Largely agreeing with Schoen, Corbin adds his voice to the strictures against Quranic interpretations according to the whims and desires of a people and a particular time. It is, as Corbin emphasizes, the Word of God and, therefore, by the very nature of its Being, Eternal and timeless. It is the basis, the very heart and core of Islam and, more so, is the foundation upon which the unity of the Muslim people is built upon. Attempts to

EFT4 task 5 SUBDOMAIN 602.4 - SUBJECT-SPECIFIC TEACHING METHODS Essay

EFT4 task 5 SUBDOMAIN 602.4 - SUBJECT-SPECIFIC TEACHING METHODS (ELEMENTARY) - Essay Example Students are asked to change the two dimensional objects into the three dimension objects. A cube is formed from six faces with identical squares, which are joined by their edges. A vertex is formed by joining of the three edges at the each corner. This cube is too known as the regular hexahedron. The cube is very common 3-D (three-dimensional) object. The shape is displayed in the figure below. For understanding the concept of finding the surface area of a cube in grade 5 and 6, there is need to educate the students in a logical and more practical manners (Mighty students, 2010). The use of real time practical examples can help the students of this age to get better understanding of the concept of surface area of a cube. According to McDoniel (2008) the topic relates to the understanding the surface area of a cube. The author also describes the methods for making the concepts for the students of grade 5 and 6 through the use of real world practical examples. There are some prerequisite skills, which are necessary for getting better knowledge about the concept of surface area of a cube. These important requirements are as follows: The students must be familiar with cubic shape items. For making cube shape things like a bin, student must make square shape pieces. This concept is based on the turning two-dimensional squares into three-dimensional cubes. When students are asked to make a cube shape bin, for this task they must cut the square shaped six pieces and all these six pieces must be of same size. This concept relates with the cubes. After having six same sizes square pieces combine them together to make cube shape of a bin. From this the surface of a cube is calculated by using the above formula of SA= 6 * a2 (The World of Math online, 2005). To determine the exterior surface are of a cube there is need to find the height, width and depth. A cube has six faces and three- dimensions. All faces of a cube item are shaped as square.

Power Dynamics and Organizational Change Assignment

Power Dynamics and Organizational Change - Assignment Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that when a person is emotionally under stress what he needs is the care and consideration of his family. But, an ordinary soldier in his early years of service is not permitted to take his family along with him unless he is an officer. This is what makes difficult the life of a soldier. While realizing these unconcealed facts the educated youths of modern era prefer to revisit their prior decision. This should not happen as the fate of a country rests with its dynamic youths. So, it inevitably requires some sort of structural changes in the entire organization. For this things must be changed from their present state of affairs. Places where transformation is sought First of all, as Mundell points out, depression and stress are the unrecognized problems of a number of soldiers returning from war fronts. To illustrate, while some of them feel they are treated as guests at their own homes, others feel estranged as their children do not respond warmly to them. According to the writer, if they do not feel the support of their family members and the warmth of the love of their dear ones, they have greater difficulty in recovering from the symptoms of depression. So, measures should be adopted to accommodate the families, at least the wives of the soldiers with them. Moreover, soldiers are suffering from stress which is a result of frequent combat operations. As they are also flesh and blood they may become upset on seeing destroyed houses, dead bodies or on the event of the death of their colleagues or even for being directly responsible for the death of some enemy soldiers. In this regard, every soldier must be availed the assistance of a counseling expert as and when he requires. In order to help this, psycho care units can be started alongside cantonment areas. No commander or superior must be entitled to hold back this right of soldiers. Any soldier who has some severe emotional damage must be evacuated to a fitting pla ce for the further health check. It will do well to bring the stress down in his community as well as personal life. However, the primary duty of a soldier is to protect and fight for his nation. So, changes to be made should not affect the role to be played by him. Another important crisis is the detrimental relationship between superiors and the men under their command. There is always a chance for skirmishes between commanding officer and his men as they are not satisfied with the commands placed and orders made by the officer. But on certain occasions, the superiors themselves have a tendency to humiliate their men for silly matters. Instead of giving a word of praise for a remarkable work done, they are ruthlessly reprimanded even for a microscopic slip-up. When such humiliations cross the boundary, the soldiers either end up their lives or shoot at their own officers and colleagues. It is a matter of serious concern as such incidents are numerous. In order to curb this, as in any organization, a separate personnel grievance redressal forum should be established in the military set up. As the head of the forum is an expert in HR related matters it will be of tremendous help in solving out all personnel related affairs.

Exploring Traditional Thai Shapes, Lines and Curves, and Forms within Literature review

Exploring Traditional Thai Shapes, Lines and Curves, and Forms within the Context of Buddhist Art and Sculpture - Literature review Example Although the study will primarily focus on the Thai frame of mind and its connection to jewelry, the findings will be reflected in diverse social and scientific fields relating to tactility and emotional responses. Main research questions for my project: a) How can different materials, techniques, and designs in jewelry making enhance positive emotional responses? Testing with images of the Thai Sukhothai Buddha statue. Testing with shapes/forms, sizes, finished surfaces, in 2 & 3 dimensions and different colors. Testing with the design of finished pieces, together with and without its functional use within the piece itself. Figure 1 Practical-based research: table shows samples, which will be investigated through these testing b) How can Thai forms in the context of jewelry positively affect the emotions of the user (positive emotion)? â€Å"Positive emotions† are ways that broaden habitual modes of thinking or acting which are represented by various thought-action tendencies from their own well being i.e. to optimize, to play, or to explore and to appreciate. c) To define the relevant terms of understanding the linkages and relationships between Thai artistic experience and jewelry design in a contemporary world. â€Å"Thai artistic experience†: knowledge within the Culture of Thailand in terms of culture and art. ‘Linkage’ in this context implies a situation where one thing affects the other in human interaction platforms such as profession, religion, or social intercourse. 3. Relationship of your proposed research to previous research Please explain how your research will build on or add to previous research and how it will make an original contribution to knowledge. (approx. 500 words) Whereas this research work seeks to establish the relationship between Thai forms/jewelry and positive human emotional response, most of the previous research work has been done on cultural meaning of Thai forms. However, some researchers such as D onald Norman and Professor Semir Zeki have done profound research within the context of my study. Zeki has primarily focused on establishing the neurasthenic effect of forms. Other researchers such as Patry Leidy, Betty Gosling, Promsak Jermsawatd, among others have tried to explore the subject within the historic, contemporary, and cultural context (Gosling, 2004, P.38-44). According to the above stated researchers, among others, Buddhism lays the basis for Thai cultures. Arts of different types act as tools to guide and persuade people to think and take action in a ‘righteous’ way. Therefore, art forms are an obvious tool to teach and direct the way people think. This research involved an experiment on the effect of various forms upon myself and found that indeed, there exist neuro-aesthetic feelings when I engage the meaning of the forms deeply (Jermsawatdi, 1979, P. 59-60). Originality of this work stems from the fact that it portrays combinations of concepts and re lated traditional Thai art components shown through the interplay of shapes that interact with my emotion to being still and at peace. As a jewelry wearer and designer, I am mostly interested in traditional Thai culture and the search for forms, shapes and lines, which will bring positive and better emotions to wearers (Stratton, 2004, P. 38). Resembling to what Donald Norman believes, is that

Postwer and Recent Higher eduction Research Paper

Postwer and Recent Higher eduction - Research Paper Example The best part of this period was the formation of Students for a Democratic civilization in Michigan which solely focused on schools being social agents and uplifting the society. Most of the student groups that were formed during this period focused on societal issues such as fighting racism, pushing for integration and calling for the halting of state-led education (Wechsler, 2007). One of the largest student strikes occurred in May and June of 1970 which was in response of the Kent State Shootings and when America invaded Cambodia. During the early 1980s numerous formal groups brought together neoliberal models of various student activism across the nation mostly from the campuses. The Campus Outreach Occasional League is credited for the identification and championing of the vast interests in service amongst the higher education students. Student activism also rose during the 1990s as the neoliberal population service policies were ushered in by Bill Clinton (Thelin, 2011). There was also the renaissance of populist student activism which was against standardized teaching and testing. They also pushed for radical changes to ensure their sustainability by pushing for leadership changes and education policy and

Dance is a sport Essay Example for Free

Dance is a sport Essay I. Introduction: a) Attention Getter: What is the definition of a sport? A game played with a ball? Is it people in tight pants running around? How about â€Å"an athletic activity requiring skill or physical prowess and often of a competitive nature†? That sounds more like it. Football, baseball, and track fit those definitions, but so does another recreational activity that is not typically considered a sport: dance. b) Personal Statement: I myself am a dancer and have been dancing my whole life. Being a dancer, one of the worst things anyone can say is that dance is not a sport and I want to prove them wrong. Transition: Dance fits all those requirements. An athletic activity? Oh yeah! Requiring skill or physical prowess? Definitely! Often of a competitive nature? You bet! Dance is even recognized as a sport by the International Olympic Committee. Then why is this â€Å"fine art† not considered a sport? II. Dance is an athletic activity. a) The sport of dance takes years of training and hard work to perfect. Yes, I said sport. Although some believe that dancing is nothing more than tutus and twirling, it is a mentally engaging and physically demanding activity. b) Dance is actually quite similar to one of the most popular sports in the United States: football. In both activities, athletes are assigned specific jobs, roles, or positions. Each follows choreographed plays. Both types of athletes travel using certain steps or passes. Similar, right? III. Dance requires skill or physical prowess. a) One difference between dance and most sports is the way the athletes present themselves. During a tennis match, the players grunt and groan when hitting the ball to show everyone how hard they are working. However, dancers must always look graceful and light as a feather. The best dancers can make the most difficult moves look effortless. It takes lots of practice to perfect those moves and make them look easy. This is why dance is a mental sport as well. b) Dr. Jill McNitt-Gray, a professor in kinesiology (the scientific study of movement) at the University of Southern California, has worked with national champions and Olympic gold medalists. Through her work with professional ballroom dancers, she found that a dancer doing the jive can reach foot speeds of 15 miles an hour. In addition, a dancer can spin up to 180 times in a minute – four times faster than a record player! c) Balance is a vital part of dance. Dancers must have strong core muscles. Men need strong shoulders for lifts, since they must not only support their own body weight but also their partners. â€Å"Dancers are some of the toughest athletes in the world,† claims Dr. McNitt-Gray. IV. Dance is a competitive nature. a) Many ask, â€Å"How can dance be a sport? You cant judge on time and the scoring is subjective! † Just like figure skaters, competitive dancers are judged on many criteria: technique, posture, timing, line, hold, poise, togetherness, expression, presentation, power, and foot or leg action. Dancers have a lot on their minds while performing. They are constantly asking themselves, am I extending correctly? Is my technique right? Is my head facing the right direction? b) Some people think dance involves less endurance than sports like cross-country running. However, these runners exert forces in only one direction but, as Dr. McNitt-Gray said, in dance, your hands, legs, and head are exerting forces in different directions all at the same time. c) Dance is a cardiovascular, aerobic, and challenging sport. Many professional athletes, including former Pittsburgh Steeler wide receiver Lynn Swann, dance to improve their flexibility. Dance fits all the requirements of a sport, and has the physical and mental challenges of a sport, as well. V. Conclusion: a) Main Points: Just like any other sport, dance is an athletic activity that requires skill or physical prowess and is often a competitive nature. b) Ending Statement: If you are shaking your head thinking, this girls crazy, get up off your chair and try it yourself. Meanwhile, I look forward to the day I might be able to stand on that Olympic platform and receive a gold medal for the sport of dance. Sources and References 1. Professor of Kinesiology, Jill McNitt-Gray. University of South California http://www.worlddancesport. org/About/All/Fit_Through_Dance 2. Pittsburgh Steeler wide receiver Lynn Swann, By Joe Horrigan. Courtesy of the Pro Football Hall of Fame http://www. profootballresearchers. org/Coffin_Corner/23-03-895. pdf 3. The Mayo Clinic, a published medical journal. The Health Benefits of Dancing Including Specific Benefits of Different Dances. http://www. sixwise. com/newsletters/05/11/02/the_health_benefits_of_dancing__including_specific_benefits_of_different_dances. htm 4. Santa Rosa High, The Press Democrat. The great debate: is dance a sport? http://teenlife. blogs. pressdemocrat. com/11749/the-great-debate-is-dance-a-sport/.

The Saudi Arabia General Investment Authority Essay Example for Free

The Saudi Arabia General Investment Authority Essay 1. How would you measure SAGIA’simpacton Saudi Arabia’s competitiveness? Compare the improvement in indicators (number of days to register a business, FDI growth, employments indicators, etc.) between 2005 and 2011by referringto the Global Competitiveness Report, Doing Business Report and other sources. 2. What are the characteristics of effective networked governance? What are the advantages? What are the indications that SAGIA introduced networked governance? 3. What are One-Stop-Shops? How they may improve the business environment? What are the challenges of establishing them? One-Stop-Shops, also called Investor Service Centers (ISCs), inspired by the notion of a single site offering multiple services to investors and was refined further to eliminate passing through many offices around the building of each government agency to get the investor’s paper stamped. The one-stop shop includes a front desk and a back office; front desk has four to five customer relations managers, who professionally take all requirements and hand them to the back office which includes representatives from several government departments as well as international technologies and firms. This work Design helped SAGIA ensure high quality customer service and eliminate the potential for corruption while making procedures simpler and faster which reflected in greater firm satisfaction and savings with more businesses being registered, increased financial resources and job opportunities that utilizes the best available local resources. ISCs served as buffer zones, with the SAGIA customer service staff functioning as intermediaries between customers and government agency representatives. One of the challenges of establishing ISC, that it was staffed by government employees and the concern was that public service employees could not perform as well as their private counterparts, but this challenge was resolved by providing the right incentives to the staff by granting bonuses for incremental increases in the number of passports handled. The volume of passports handled was 100 times more than what was used to be handled with same amount of time. 4. What are the pros and cons of the Saudization Policy? What are its implications on the competitiveness of the Saudi Economy? Pros: * Replacing foreign workers with Saudis, since the Saudi economy is heavily dependent on them. * Lowering the Saudi unemployment rate. * Increase employment for Saudi nationals across all sectors of domestic economy. * Recapture and reinvest income which otherwise would have flowed overseas as remittances to foreign worker home countries. Cons: * Companies started to make fake mergers and acquisitions of its various divisions in order to meet their quota. * Saudis are being hired only because they are Saudi and not due to their qualifications. * Saudization caused Foreign and even Saudi companies to move their operations to UAE or other more business-friendly regional environments. * Thousands of low wage labors were forced to leave, such as shopkeepers and drivers, there are not always even enough Saudis who even want these job to replace them that resulted with replacing the good, skilled and cost effective labor with a national Saudi who lacks the interest, skill or experience in some cases to perform these jobs * Higher wage costs being imposed on organizations that discouraged investment in Saudi Arabia * Since the education system has largely failed to prepare the country’s youth for jobs requiring technical expertise. Compounding this problem is that many graduates refuse to take assignments that are considered commonly as menial. Saudization clearly creates some disturbances, with some sectors like transport anticipating a catastrophe. The ultimate goal of development and hopefully higher growth comes with a cost in the form of short term transitional disruption. There are two main concerns. First, many firms may feel that Saudization will reduce their competitiveness and for that reason may decide to leave the kingdom for a more business friendly environment. These would most likely be firms in the service sectors such as banking. The country’s poor regulatory environment only compounds this problem with a reportedly 2,500 Saudi companies opening up shops in Dubai, rather than in Saudi Arabia kingdom. The second main area of impact from Saudization may be a reduction of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the kingdom. Foreign firms may feel that Saudization not only puts them at a disadvantage compared to their foreign competitors, but that the whole Saudization program itself is unpredictable, with rules and quotas changing randomly. 5. Discuss the concept of Special Economic Zones and how they should be established to have maximum positive impact on the national economy and its competitiveness.

Intrathecal Chemical Neurolysis With Phenol

Intrathecal Chemical Neurolysis With Phenol CANCER PAIN Intrathecal neurolysis with 6% phenol for intractable and opiate resistant perineal pain secondary to terminal bladder cancer . Name : Dr R Srivastava Department: Heart of England NHS Trust, Solihull. E-mail: [emailprotected] Abstract Background: Intrathecal chemical neurolysis with Phenol is a neurodestructive technique to provide saddle anaesthesia for perineal pain, in patients unresponsive to pharmacological therapy or not ameneable to surgical treatment. Its use has been advocated in patients with terminal illness with a short life expentancy of less than a year. Phenol’s neurodestructive mechanism relies on precipitation of proteins in the nerves with myelin sheath separation and axonal oedema, resulting in fibrosis. Neurolysis can be induced with chemicals like phenol or alcohol or by physical methods of radiofrquency or cryoablation Neurolytic saddl block is a high risk procedure leading to almost irreversible neuro-destruction with significant risks including failure, paralysis and incontinence.Careful patient selection and psychological evaluation is mandatory and comprehensive risks and benefits assessment should be carried out before embarking on this technique. Communication with patient is vital due to the resultant side effects of the block. Results: Patient was extensively evaluated for the procedure with all co-morbidities and life expectancy considered and underwent subarachnoid chemical neurolysis with hyperbaric 5% phenol leading to drastic pain relief and significant reduction in opiate consumption. Case Report: Mr JJ ,a 73 year old gentleman was referred form a hospice with complaints of severe abdominal and anal pain due to a surgically inoperable bladder tumor with extensive pelvic involvement and distant metastases . He was referred to our clinic from hospice with severe opiate resistant pain. Mr JJ was diagnosed with the Transitional Cell Carcinoma: T2a N0 MX(Pulmonary nodules) G3,TCC Bladder, eight months ago when he initially presented with back and pelvic pain. He had pulmonary metastases and bladder biopsy and cystoscopy revealed a large tumor on the back wall of the bladder. Mr JJ underwent a radical course of radiotherapy. Subsequently he was admitted to the hospital with rectal pain . Examination under anaesthetic revealed a large mass extending from the bladder in to the prostrate. MRI scan confirmed the tumor with invasion of seminal vesicles and of the prostrate.He underwent ureteric stenting for his right hydronephrosis and hydroureter. His background included history of chronic obstructive airway disease, hypertension, diabetes, Ischaemic heart disease(Coronary stenting 5 years ago) and hypothyroidism. His pain at the time remained unsettled with associated symptoms of tenesmus, nausea and vomiting and profound weakness. Mr JJ lived alone and was unable to cope on his own and was referred to hospice for further palliative care. He was initially treated with Zomorph 30mg twice a day and with Oromorph as a PRN dose for breakthrough pain. Pain worsened over a period of six weeks when it was decided to start him on a syringe driver of diamorphine 30 mgs and metoclopramide30 mgs. Inspite of some relief, he remained extremely confused and constipated. His syringe driver was changed to alfentanil 5mgs and haloperidol 3 mgs to reduce the confusion and drowsiness. Subsequent increment of alfentanil dose via the syringe driver did not resolve his rectal pain. In view of his worsening symptoms and prognosis ,saddle block with phenol for rectal pain remained the only viable option. After a careful assessment and explanation of the risks ( double incontinence and possible paralysis) and benefits of the procedure explained, patient was transferred to our centre as a day case and underwent intrathecal neurolysis with phenol. 1 ml of 5% phenol in glycerol was injected intrathecally and flushed with 0.2 mls of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. Patient was sat up for 30 minutes to achieve a saddle block. In recovery he seemed to be pain free with no loss of motor power. Mr JJ was transferred back to the hospice the same day. During follow up it was noted that within a few days Mr JJ’s alfentanil infusion was stopped and he was more awake and was managing on small doses of oral morphine of up to 40 mgs a day. His tenesmus completely disappeared but he still complained of some dull aching and deep visceral pain. Case discussion: There are more than 5000 deaths/year related to bladder cancer in the UK and it is the seventh commonest cause of cancer related deaths. Our patient had an extensive spread of his bladder tumor resulting in a combination of background visceral pain involving the rectum causing intractable tenesmus Prevalence of cancer pain in patients with incurable or advanced disease ranges from 43 -63%. More than one third of the patients complain of significant pain during the terminal stages of the disease.[1] Pathophysiological Mechanisms: The mechanisms involving cancer pain are complex and can not be solely attributed to either nociceptive ,musculoskeletal , visceral or neuropathic pain . Pain presents itself as a combination of various mechanisms, which would be dependent on the characteristics of disease progression. Visceral pain as was the case with our patient has both spinal and vagal innervation with feature of dull and diffuse pain with poor localization. Cancer cells in combination with the stromal cells will result in release of inflammatory markers like endothelin, bradykinin , tyrosine kinase and proteases which would lead to sensitization of the nerve fibres. Tyrosine kinase seems to play an important role in the sensitization of the afferent nociceptors.[2] Growth of the tumor may cause direct compression of the nerve fibres resulting in ischemia related neuropathic pain. Cancer induced bone pain is a result of proliferating osteoclasts which lead to bone resorption. This also leads to stimulation of TRPV1 and acid sensing channels expressed on the nerve fibres resulting in cancer associated bone pain. Periosteal sensitization of afferent fibres in an acidic melieu contributes to the persistence of cancer pain.[3] Assessment of cancer pain remains complex and is influenced by patient population, variability in assessment tool ,scoring systems and under reporting of severity of pain by patients.[4] Assessment of patients with cancer requires a multidimensional approach in order to evaluate the physiological, psychological and social impact on life. A careful assessment of history, symptoms, signs and disease progression is crucial. Patient’s expectations with regards to treatment should be discussed and the impact of pain on patients functional activity should be assessed. Patients with cancer complain of background pain and exacerbation of pain (Breakthrough Pain), which might be related to movement or due to progression of tumor resulting in compression of underling tissues and organs . Metastases to the bone can be the primary cause of pain in up to 75% of the patients. Assessment of localization, severity, duration, exacerbating and relieving factors is a must. Cancer pain patients are often on high dose of opiates for their pain control, which may have a detrimental effect on their daily living due to side effects of tolerance to opiates, opioid induced hyperalgesia, leading to inadequate pain control. Management of cancer pain: Cancer pain management in a palliative patient is challenging and requires consideration of all aspects of pain in the terminally ill. Optimum control can only be achieved if pharmacological and bio-psycho-social element of treatment are carefully reviewed. Most patients understandably are depressed and more than 75% suffer from moderate to severe pain. Surgical management is rarely appropriate in patients with distant metastases but may be indicated in some circumstances like internal fixation for pathological long bone fracture. Chest drainage may be required for patients with mesothelioma for recurrent pleural effusion. Radiotherapy which can be localized or wide field and may be useful in patients with metastatic bone disease with proven efficacy of up to 60%. and 25% respectively. Radioisotopes like strontium are also used to treat metastatic bone disease but may not be cost effective in all healthcare systems. Chemotherapy may be helpful in some types of cancer,provided that the tumor remains chemo-sensitive. Assessing the benefits of chemotherapy with regards to prognosis and life expectancy is crucial as the side effects of chemotherapy may be more detrimental to the patient than the pain itself. Hormonal therapy has been useful in prostrate and breast cancer with anti-androgen and anti-oestrogens as both types of cancer are hormone sensitive. Pelvic pain may result from the tumor invasion to organs and The World Health Organisation (WHO) 3 step analgesic ladder of 1986 recommends a staged approach from non-opiods like paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to weak opioids and if necessary ,strong opioids for moderate to severe pain. However, the role of adjuvants like tricyclic anti-depressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and anticonvulsants like gabapentin and pregabalin should be considered and individualized depending on the symptomatology of the patient. NMDA antagonist like ketamine may help reduce central sensitization[6] Heavy reliance on strong opioids can lead to troublesome side –effects which should be appropriately managed with laxatives and anti-emetics. Opioid rotation should be considered for opioid induced hyperalgesia as in the case of Mr JJ where diamorphine was substituted for alfentanil infusion. Evaluation of psychological factor of perception of pain and the behavioural responses has a significant impact on patient’s lifestyle. Cognitive behavioral therapy may help elicit these perception and help individuals with chronic pain ,forming coping strategies. Pain management programme is helpful for the patient in identifying all aspects of pain and are aimed at improving the quality of life. Physical therapy for pain is aimed at improving functionality and reducing the physiological deconditioning. Lifestyle adjustment in terms of daily routines ,tasks and adapting to new envoirement should be planned for facilitating any coping strategies. Intervention techniques are aimed at targeting the source of pain involving destructive and non-destructive techniques which could involve local anesthetics and steroids for nerve blocks .Continuous infusions of local anaesthetics and opioids via a catheter placed intrathecally, can be used for spinal cord modulation and pain control. Catheter is connected to a programmable pump to administer the desired dose. Nerve destructive techniques should be only considered in a multidisciplinary framework . Patient selection and progonostication of the illness is paramount. It is important that the patient has a full understanding of the procedure and the benefits at the expense of the undesired consequences of such a block like incontinence or motor paralysis. Trial of local anaesthetic is desirable in most cases to predict efficacy of further neurolysis. Neurolytic blocks necessiate the need for close monitoring and evaluation of patient’s pain scores in order to titrate the strong opioids accordingly. Indications and contraindications to Intrathecal neurolysis: Although there has been a decreasing trend in the use of intrathecal neurolysis following advancement in the techniques of spinal blocks with infusions of local anaesthetics and opioids; intrathecal neurolysis has its place in a select subset of patients in whom the pain remains refractory inspite of conventional therapies and treatment with strong opioids . The distinct advantage with neurolysis is of reduction in the opiate consumption and the associated side effects. Complications of subarachanoid block include bladder and bowel dysfuction along with motor weakness .[5]. Pain relief associated with neurolytic blocks is short lived(less than 6 months), and disease progression may lead to refractory pain .In view of our patient’s limited life expectancy of less than two months with pre- exsisting bowel and bladder dysfunction ,intrathecal neurolysis was the quickest and the most cost effective way to provide pain relief. Neurodestructive techniques used in clinical practice range from cryoablation, radiofrequency lesioning to chemical neurolysis with Alcohol (50-100%),Phenol (7-12%) , Hypertonic saline and glycerol. Intrathecal neurolysis: It involves the destruction of nociceptive afferent fibres ,both myelinated and unmyelinated leading to almost instant pain relief. It is effective in well localized pain. The effect of neurolysis is short lived but it involves a short period of hospitalization in comparision to neurosurgical procedures like cordotomy. Phenol(7-12%) causes nerve destruction by coagulating protein in both small and large fibres which leads to degeneration of the nerves within the nerve roots involving more of the posterior than anterior columns. Nerves tend to regenerate faster with phenol than alcohol . Phenol is hyperbaric and when mixed with glycerol, it tends to diffuse more slowly out of the solution causing a more targeted destruction compared to alcohol. It can be mixed with water but the nerve destruction will be more extensive. Phenol compared to alcohol is not painful on injection and for this reason alcohol injections are administered with a local anaesthetic. In concentrations of lower than 5%, phenol tends to exert local anaesthetic action rather than neurodestructive. Phenol when mixed with glycerol or radiopaque dye can provide a higher concentration of up to 15%. Neurolysis with phenol in comparision to alcohol is milder and short lived. Due to the hyberbaric nature of phenol in comparision with alcohol, the patient is positioned with the affected side down to target the dorsal roots. Phenol being highly viscous requires a wider bore spinal needle for injection. Phenol can cause skin and tissue necrosis along with neuritis if the nerve destruction is incomplete. For patients undergoing neurolysis with alcohol the targeted side is positioned up due to the hypobaric nature of the solution. Patients are initially in the lateral position followed by proning to 45 degrees to target the dorsal roots. Alcohol may cause mild burning on injection. Hypertonic saline(10-15%) for intrathecal neurolysis can provide a significant relief of more than 50% but has significant side effects. Conclusion: Management of cancer pain is very complex and challenging and requires considerable expertise in providing appropriate care to terminally ill patients. Significant reliance on strong opioids is not without it’s side effects and a multifaceted approach towards pain control is warranted. Our patient was treated with chemical neurolysis as a last resort since all other measures had failed. Although it helped in reduction of opiate requirement and drowsiness, it still remains difficult to judge the correct dosage and concentration of phenol and balance it against the duration of pain free interval with minimum side effects for the patient before leading to death. Intrathecal neurolysis is not a routine procedure and outcomes of this type of intervention are variable. The extreme complications of this procedure and availability of other techniques makes clinicians reluctant to use in their regular clinical practice. However, cancer pain treatment needs to be tailored in accordance with the patients condition and chemical neurolysis may perhaps be the only option to relieve pain in specific patients. References: [1]M. H. J. van den Beuken-van Everdingen, J. M. de Rijke, A. G. Kessels, H. C. Schouten, M. van Kleef, and J. Patijn, â€Å"Prevalence of pain in patients with cancer: a systematic review of the past 40 years,† Ann. Oncol. Off. J. Eur. Soc. Med. Oncol. ESMO, vol. 18, no. 9, pp. 1437–1449, Sep. 2007. [2]S. Pezet and S. B. McMahon, â€Å"NEUROTROPHINS: Mediators and Modulators of Pain,† Annu. Rev. Neurosci., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 507–538, 2006. [3]â€Å"Review of Cellular Mechanisms of Tumor Osteolysis.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¯: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research,† LWW. [Online]. Available: http://journals.lww.com/corr/Fulltext/2000/04000/Review_of_Cellular_Mechanisms_of_Tumor_Osteolysis_.13.aspx. [Accessed: 23-Nov-2014]. [4]C. Shute, â€Å"The Challenges of Cancer Pain Assessment and Management,† Ulster Med. J., vol. 82, no. 1, pp. 40–42, Jan. 2013. [5]A. Watanabe and M. Yamakage, â€Å"Intrathecal neurolytic block in a patient with refractory cancer pain,† J. Anesth., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 603–605, Aug. 2011. [6]Cancer Pain Management. The British Pain Society 2010

Pragmatic Justification Essay -- Philosophy, Bertrand Russell

Bertrand Russell, one of the most influential philosophers of the modern age, argued extensively in his book, â€Å"The Problems of Philosophy†, that the belief in inductive reasoning is only rational on the grounds of its intrinsic evidence; it cannot be justified by an appeal to experience alone (Russell 1998). Inductive reasoning refers to a form of reasoning that constructs or assesses propositions that are generalizations of observations (Russell 1998). Inductive reasoning is thus, in simple terms, probabilistic. The premises of an inductive logical argument provide some degree of support for the conclusion, but that support is in no way definitive or conclusive (Browne, 2004). Yet even if one agrees with Russell and concludes that there are no rational justifications for the principle of induction in and of itself, one can still maintain that there is a pragmatic justification for maintaining a belief in the principle. Simply put, there are still perfectly sound rea sons for behaving as if the principle of induction holds true, regardless of whether or not the principle itself is rationally justifiable (Browne, 2004). This type of justification can be used across many of the belief systems that we as human beings hold, even stretching to the playing field of religion. In this paper I will outline not only why it is pragmatically justifiable to believe in the principle of induction, but also why it is equally as justifiable to believe in an infinite God, regardless of whether or not deductive reasoning provides us with definitive support for such conclusions. Let’s begin by examining the issue of universal order and the Problem of Induction. The problem with inductive reasoning is that it is based on the assumption that ... .... Yet for our own happiness and peace of mind, we must believe that past occurrences, such as the sun rising yesterday and the thousands of days before that, provide us with perfectly good evidence for believing that tomorrow the sun will rise again. By the same token, we can rationally support a belief in God, even if we cannot provide conclusive evidence for His existence (or non-existence). These types of pragmatic justifications are, I believe, essential to the happiness and well-being of human beings. Regardless of whether or not the arguments for the merit and existence of both God and the principle of induction hold any water whatsoever, the optimistic approaches to the problems are in no way harmful. They allow us to live our lives in relative happiness, regardless of the fact that we ultimately can be certain of so little in the universe we live in.

Desired Hope Essay -- Literary Analysis, Walt Whitman

The American dream is a dream that everyone hopes to one day achieve. It is what keeps the country going and develops hard workers of many. Langston Hughes’s â€Å"I, Too† and Walt Whitman’s â€Å"I Hear America Singing† is the epitome of that dream, the poems both demonstrate a certain air of aspiration for the future of America and both of the speakers want change for the better. The poem’s speakers are both men and are of the working class. Even though their jobs may not be desirable and in Hughes’s â€Å"I, Too† the speaker may be working against his will, he is still working and they are both adhering with them for that feeling of hope. After all, the working class strata are the people with the strongest appetite for that dream because the reason they are working is to eventually fulfill that American dream. In Walt Whitman’s â€Å"I Hear America Singing† the speaker is the more content of the two poems. His tone does not sound sad nor like he is not pleased with what he encounters. Even if he doesn’t like what his life consists of, Whitman writes, â€Å"The day what belongs to the day––at night the party of young fellows, robust, friendly,† (Kennedy 1096). At the end of the day whether he had a good or bad day he gets to let loose with the other hard-working men and all his hard work ultimately paid off because of this time he gets to enjoy to himself. So rather than dreading his life he is fine with what he has to do for work and looks forward to what is yet to come. This might be that this man is satisfied with his life because he really is not being held against his will to work. He has the choice to do what he wants. When one is held against his or her will it usually strips away someone of any sureness. In Langston Hughes’s â€Å"I, Too† the spe... ...es, But I laugh† (Kennedy 976). The two poems are very ambitious. They both have a sense of if they are working hard, then one day all this hard work will pay off. Although their jobs may seem similar one, being Walt Whitman’s speaker has it easier, than Langston Hughes’s speaker; because this speaker is a slave. Although Whitman’s speaker has it easier to possibly obtain that dream, he has hope, but sounds far less confident in what the future can bring him. Their lives seem as if there is nothing to do, but work, and have hope for the future. Their hope is primarily surrounded because their lives do not consist of much because they are of the working class. When one is a part of the working class there is not much financial freedom to fulfill desired experiences. It displays the impression of the harder a person has it in life the more hope that person has.

A Comparison of Nihilistic and Christian Archetypes in Beowulf and John

Grendel, Beowulf and the Relationship Between Nihilistic and Christian Archetypes The Wisdom god, Woden, went out to the king of trolls†¦and demanded to know how order might triumph over chaos. â€Å"Give me your left eye,† said the king of trolls, â€Å"and I’ll tell you.† Without hesitation, Woden gave up his left eye. â€Å"Now tell me.† The troll said, â€Å"The secret is, Watch with both eyes!† Woden’s left eye was the last sure hope of gods and men in their kingdom of light surrounded by darkness. All we have left is Thor’s hammer, which represents not brute force but art, or, counting both hammerheads, art and criticism†¦ The philosophies expressed in the Beowulf epic complement the exploration of existentialism throughout the modern work, Grendel, by John Gardner. Both works portray different perspectives of the same story, involving the same characters; Beowulf, the ancient Anglo-Saxon hero who destroys Grendel, and Grendel, the monster who terrorizes Hrothgar’s hall. Beowulf and Grendel act as archetypes that explore humanity’s perception of the world. In the Anglo-Saxon epic, Beowulf and his companions represent good, and the monsters, including Grendel, represent evil. When Beowulf kills Grendel, the world is less evil, but since Beowulf’s companions die in the struggle, the world is also less good. Ultimately, the two forces of good and evil will destroy each other, but the story maintains that God will interfere and save mankind from destruction. In Gardner’s story, the progression of society begins when mankind creates a monster and then creates a hero to fight the monster. Once the greater power of the hero had been established, once the conflict’s resolution strengthened society’s power, than a greater monster developed ... ...fact, it is the saving grace of mankind: the hope that God will save society and establish harmony and justice. The modern story takes the opposite view; it shows what happens when hope is lost, when society has nowhere to turn: it is a more pessimistic, more complicated view of humanity’s progress. [Throughout this paper, G after a character's name refers to Gardner; AS to Beowulf the poem.] Works Cited Gardner, John. Grendel , New York: Vintage Books Edition, 1989. Gardner, John. Moral Fiction. New York: Basic Books Inc, 1977. Heany, Seamus. Beowulf: A Modern Translation. New York: Farrer, Straus, and Giroux, 2000. Sources Cited Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome. Monster Theory. George Washington University: www.upress.umn.edu/Books/C/cohen_monster.html, 2001. Johnson, Tim. Grendel. New York: www.panix.com/~iayork/Literary/Grendel/grendel2.html, 2001.

Film “Gothika” Essay

In the 2003 film â€Å"Gothika† Halle Berry plays a psychiatrist who loses her memory and wakes up in an insane asylum, the same one where she had previously been a staff physician. She is confused, disoriented and has lost time. Pete, a psychiatrist played by Robert Downey Jr. , is the doctor assigned to her care and Doug, her husband, had been the doctor in charge of the facility. Miranda, Berry’s character, eventually learns that her husband has been killed and that she has been arrested and charged with his murder (Kassovitz, 2003). From the very beginning, the movie pretends to psychology right. But unfortunately, it is largely just pretending. The first problem in the movie occurs with the description of Miranda’s psychotic break and the actions leading to it. The doctors caring for Miranda argue that her mental illness resulted from her accident, not the other way around. At first, they simply explain her illness as a traumatic amnesia brought on by the horror of murdering her husband. Or, they allege, the amnesia might be related to the head injury from the car accident and unrelated to her mental condition. Her doctor also asks her about drugs that she may have taken to cause the violence (killing her husband) or her amnesia. While it is appropriate to be concerned about a drug-related cause for amnesia (Merck, 2007) it is unreasonable to believe that those involved in her treatment would not have conducted blood tests to detect drug use prior to the questioning. The movie tells us Miranda has been out of touch with her mind for three days when she awakens in the asylum, so the mere idea that they would not have conducted blood tests and have the results back by then seems implausible. The next major mistake the movie makes in its portrayal of Miranda’s mental illness and treatment is that Pete is assigned to do her evaluation. While it can be argued that in some areas he might be the only doctor available, as one is dead and another accused of the murder, the story came before the reality of treatment standards in the movie. It seems as though Berry’s character may even recognize this as she tries to get a handle on her relationship with Pete, asking him if they had an affair or wanted to have one (Kassovitz, 2003). This immediately calls into question the ethics of the doctor and the accuracy of any judgment he makes regarding her condition. The film then tries to confuse the viewer with the question of whether Miranda is suffering some sort of psychotic break ro is truly being haunted by ghosts. From a diagnostic perspective, Miranda’s symptoms include the fugue when she was admitted, her loss of memory, and eventually, though she is loathe to admit this to her doctor, seeing and hearing her â€Å"ghost†. (Kassovitz, 2003). The film even goes so far as to have Miranda address her hallucination, saying â€Å": I am a rational person. I believe in science. I don’t believe in the paranormal, and I don’t believe in ghosts. But if you are the ghost of Rachel Parsons, can you let me out of this cell? † (Kassovitz, 2003). The professionals, upon hearing her tale of seeing ghosts, move right from a diagnosis of traumatic amnesia to a diagnosis of schizophrenia, skipping right part delusional. This is not accurate in the least. First, there is Miranda’s statement regarding her interaction with the ghost. She is still logical enough to know that interaction with a ghost is unreasonable and generally accepted as a mental dysfunction. â€Å"Schizophrenia is characterized by psychosis (loss of contact with reality), hallucinations (false perceptions), delusions (false beliefs), disorganized speech and behavior, flattened affect (restricted range of emotions), cognitive deficits (impaired reasoning and problem solving), and occupational and social dysfunction. † (Merck, 2007) If she were schizophrenic, it is unlikely that she would have retained her logical mind enough to realize that she was being illogical. The fact that her educated mind could still identify her behaviors as irrational is one of the clearest indicators that she was not suffering from the cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia. Next, there is the appearance of the ghost herself. If Miranda’s delusions had been limited to fleeting images or auditory hallucinations, her symptoms would have been consistent with schizophrenia. However, the presence of an identifiable visual hallucination makes the illness more in line with the symptoms of delusional disorders than schizophrenia (Allpsych, 2007). â€Å"A delusion is a belief that is clearly false and that indicates an abnormality in the affected person’s content of thought. The false belief is not accounted for by the person’s cultural or religious background or his or her level of intelligence. The key feature of a delusion is the degree to which the person is convinced that the belief is true. A person with a delusion will hold firmly to the belief regardless of evidence to the contrary. Delusions can be difficult to distinguish from overvalued ideas, which are unreasonable ideas that a person holds, but the affected person has at least some level of doubt as to its truthfulness. A person with a delusion is absolutely convinced that the delusion is real. † (Mind Disorders, 2007). The simple truth is that if Miranda had been suffering from either of these mental disorders, her symptoms would have 1) been more extreme in the case of schizophrenia or 2) come with a total belief in her delusion. She would no longer question whether ghosts were real. The final implied diagnosis of the film is that Miranda has been suffering abuse at the hands of a sadistic and manipulative serial killer who also happens to be her husband. Once the ghost leads Miranda to her husband’s torture and abuse chamber, the viewer is left with the impression that Miranda’s mental illness including the delusion of seeing the ghost was her mind’s way of dealing with the threat from her husband and becoming strong enough to deal with his abuse. This is complete and utter Hollywood tripe. While it is possible for battered woman to lose control and kill her husband in a situation where she fears for her life, Miranda’s symptoms are completely out of sync with the typical description of BWS (McElroy, 2002). Most likely, this was an attempt by the writer to draw sympathy for the character that did, in fact, kill her husband. If the movie had intended to portray mental illness in an appropriate fashion, it simply would have to stop with the obvious ghost story. The problem was that the writer wanted to create a story in which a ghost was used to explain away mental illness or a mental illness was sued to explain away an encounter with the supernatural. Either way, they failed. By showing the viewer the ghost, the viewer does not question Miranda’s sanity. After all, we’ve seen it too. To be more in tune with the diagnosis they were most likely going for, schizophrenia, the movie should have relied on an unseen presence and given perfectly reasonable explanations for things that happen, i. e. show Pete leaving her cell unlocked so that she an escape and conduct her investigation. As it is, the film fails as a ghost story and fails as a psychological thriller. Had it been done properly, it could have succeeded at both. WORKS CITED â€Å"Delusions† , November 18, 2007. Kassovitz, Mathieu (Director) and Sebastian Guitierrez (Writer). â€Å"Gothika†. USA:Columbia Pictures, 2003. McElroy, Wendy. â€Å"Battered Women’s Syndrome: Science or Sham? † The Independent Institute, October 28, 2002< http://www. independent. org/aboutus/person_detail. asp? id=488> November 18, 2007. â€Å"Prognosis and Treatment†, November 19, 2007. Psychotic Disorders , < http://allpsych. com/disorders/psychotic/index. html>, November 18, 2007.

Chipotle Mexican Grill Incorporated Essay

1. Do you think CMG is a victoryful comp both?The Chipotle mission rehearsal nutrient with integrity is our commitment to finding the real best ing goingients increase with find for the animals, the environment and the farmers. It means serving the very best sustainable raised intellectual nourishment possible with an eye to peachy taste, great nutrition and great value. This is the context which Chipotle practice sessions to picture their success. Chipotle has made a mission a corporate passion. Not only restrain they lead the regimen industry in sustainable nutrition sourcing, they put one across expand their philosophy to striving for LEED certification in their realiseings. They pride themselves on providing the highest quality food at reasonable wrongs. Does moral success translate to financial success? Steve Ellis started a taco shop in Denver, CO with the intent of reinventing Mexi kitty food. He didnt want disruptive food, he wanted real food. Despite his n ay-sayers stating no iodin would want to pay $5 for a burrito, no one wants to gather in an in discourageminate kitchen and certainly no one ordain deadlock in line to have something assemble before them, by 1998 he had opened 16 eaterys and McDonalds contumacious to back his endeavors.With McDonalds investment, the company grew to d stores by 2005. By January 26, 2006, Chipotle made its initial offering and in October 2006, McDonalds divested for $1.5 billion dollars. financially speaking, net cash flows remain intemperate and positive. Their stock tolls have rebounded very healthful since the financial crash in 2009, where the price was $47.76 to today where it is currently $608.67. They are operate approximately 1800 eating ho personas including ChopHouse Southeast Asian Kitchen. In comparison to its opponents, CMG spends less in labor and building be. Where it reconciledly spends more thanis in food and packaging, which supports the mission of the company. The tabular array below reflects cost as a pct of revenueIn 2014, CMG plus its food and packaging to 34.6% while decrease its labor to 22% of revenue which is consistent with their core mission of providing quality food at a great value. 2. How does CMG deal?CMG takes a very different nestle to competition and merchandising and advertizing Our marketing strategy has always been based on the belief that the best and most perceptible brands arent built through advertising or promotional campaigns alone, but quite a through all of the ways plurality experience the brand. Out main method of promotion is word-of-mouth publicity. CMG has taken assured actions to decrease traditional marketing methods by decreasing the advertising budget from an incomparable high of $7.9 cardinal in 2009, to $5.8 million in 2011. CMG markets through print, outdoor and intercommunicate ads plus on-line advertising. Their goal is to sharpen likeminded individuals and organizations who believe in th e nutriment with virtue mission. They in any case generate media coerage with their restaurant reviews about the quality of their food and their hefty culture of doing the right thing in every aspect of their business.3. How do CMGs resources support the companys rivalrous position? nonpareil area of resources is CMGs suppliers. In 2008, CMG launched a program to increase topical anesthetic sourcing of its food items. This program cauterize down on fossil fuels apply in transportation, gave topical anaesthetic farms head for the hills and amend the taste of the food by victimisation ingredients during their peak season. This local farm render ne 2rk provided lettuce, green peppers, jalapeno peppers, red onions and oregano. This program alike resulted in 5 million pounds of produce in 2009 and 10 million pounds in 2012, which is a colossal boost in the local delivery for the farms used in the program. In asset to the locally-grown vegetables, CMG used naturally rai sed meat, which is open-range, antibiotic free and vegetarian fed. One hundred percent of the port, 80 per cent of chicken and 50 per cent of beef used are in this classification. Additionally, all of the sour plectron and chees came from cows that were not given the rBGH (human growth) hormones. bandage CMG would like to use all- fundamental ingredients, the cost is til now too high, so they are doing what they can to march on to keepthe prices reasonable and to work out profits. CMG is one of two Mexican immediate-food irons that can say they use snow% fresh ingredients.There are no microwaves, freezers, or can openers in a CMG restaurant. This is a huge advantage for coffin nail consumer groups such as the Millenials who are looking for good, healthy fast food options by companies who practice corporate social responsibility. CMG is providing jobs to local farms, therefore helping improve the local economy in the majority of CMG locations. CMG is responding to festerin g health concerns in eating habits by providing fresh, organic fertilizer ingredients and cutting down on the amount of food they serve with hormones, and so onBy using mostly organic ingredients, the food tastes conk out also. CMG also uses a vast majority of naturally raised meat which eliminates concerns of animal-rights groups. Finally, CMG is also looking into how to shape and build restaurants which are more environmentally friendly and looking for systems to create more efficiency in daily operations. One way to do this is by using solar panels for energy. As of 2012, 3 of its restaurants in IL were LEED certified (Leadership in dynamism and Environmental Design). This helps reduce energy habit and the overall carbon footprint. 4a. What challenges does CMG face in late 2012?From 2012 until present time CMG faces two major competitors in the Mexican Food market, greaser ships bell as the fast food segment and Qdoba as the fast casual segment. Both competitors have update d their placards that dispose to resemble CMGs but at lower costs. CMG handles their business in a way that is not as easy to copy but a competitor could try to imitate a ingathering and possibly sell it for less. With CMGs stand on food that is raised with look upon for the animal their products are more expensive but have a better taste and greater nutritional value. This mathematical process has caused CMG to look into their pricing since food costs continue to rise. CMG does not want to deter customers to their competitors by raising prices too quickly.In this economy CMG is facing many challenges in the fact with the depressed economy batch are looking for quick profit and or fast casual restaurants over full service due to cheaper prices and manner of speaking time. CMGs competitor Taco Bell is also pushing a high(prenominal) margin with a more predatory menu and increased advertising. There also continues to be an overall increase infood prices that will eventuall y make a motion CMG and their margins with food products with their standards compared to their competitors. CMG has walked away from the conventional restaurant practice and spends more on food and they own their restaurants instead of franchising, and they dont advertise like their competitors. With these ideals CMG has structured themselves to be a strong restaurant concatenation and continue to be a terrible competitor.4b. How should Steve Elis and Montgomery Moran position CMG to respond to these challenges?CMG require to continue to stay competitive by ensuring stability in input costs by engaging in previous pricing. CMG requirements to watch the economy and their competitors Taco Bell and Qdoba before making any decisions on major pricing changes. They will aim to continue to point on investments and general overhead costs. Steve Elis and Montgomery Moran need to continue on the path of organic agriculture and the humane manipulation of the animals they use as food. People will continue to respect and want to eat Food with Integrity. CMG will also need to continue to find new and advanced ways to advertise making incontestable they solidify their reputation and push the impertinence of their product. Health conscious individuals will see CMG as a healthier bonk than other Mexican style restaurants.5. What would you pep up the company do?CMG should continue to focus on solidifying its reputation for glowing and offering a healthier menu than most competitors by continuing to use mostly organic ingredients and local farmers. They also need to continue to focus on using suppliers that support the humane treatment of animals. CMG can also continue to build the connection with millennials because generations after the millennials will apparent follow suit. Furthermore, CMG can continue with lamentable away from non-traditional media and using more technology-based options. Finally, CMG should work on getting more restaurants LEED certified and share best practices amongst all locations on how to improve operational efficiency in order to keep costs as low as possible to root the higher prices for organic ingredients. They need to be very intentional about not rising prices too much higher than the competition otherwise they will price themselves out of the fast food industry.

Our hearts fell to the ground Essay

Some authorities would like you to set apply your palms up.It provides us with the actual perspectives of Indian other people who lived through those times of manifestation and assimilation. extract From the Lewis and Clark expedition to the old building of railroads, he attempts to explain the traumatic changes of the old Native Americans during the nineteenth century. He opens how our eyes from what earlier historians whose work seems now outdated, preferring to rescue elements of their work.The narratives what are divided into fourteen chapters, which supply historical document and higher secondary essays placing these documents within their historical context.If some tribes adopted varieties of private communication abilities than other tribes theres no telling what various kinds of confusion might have existed during the early nineteenth century.Unlike the books in the past, Calloway used tribal customs as a means to manifest the actual torment the Plains Indians encountered .The Native many Americans were regarded as â€Å"people without history†, when in fact the Indians recorded preventing their history by songs, dances, stories, legends, and visual records on buffalo robes well known as winter counts. Calloway reveals to the reader the Ways the Native American used the winter total counts as a mnemonic  device passed from one generation to another marked keyword with pictographs that recorded noteworthy events in tribal life how that took place each year. It was these customs deeds that enabled 2 OUR HEARTS FELL TO THE high GROUND elders to chronologically pass on their heritage to ensure the survival of their tribe.

The Duke how was beginning to appear perplexed.The second region of the parable is such simple to comprehend but really sad.The narrations are broken up into 14 chapters.A version of the manner in carried out.

Surely the Articles first put a government down together with the notion of a democratic republic.Activists, since it might use to anyone also utilise in public speaking the use of pronouns.The 2nd option is to locate public good input .Everybody knows knows there continue to be individuals.

You know, if you believe.A general notion to speak, but not, I think second one which is uncommon.A number of them carried swords in their hands.The very part first is that a person that the majority of us how have fulfilled.

The end is the strongest part.Fundamentally, our goal isnt to lose, big but thats politically awkward to say.By now the fog that how was adrenaline appeared to be lifting.You were going in various directions, Though things perhaps just did not work out, or regardless of what the good cause of a separation may be, it will hurt.

High performance Essay

shoemakers last on that point argon 3 varied fraction colours in the prance including profane tint, discolour sully and blushing(a) dye. The no-good dye has the mellowedest Rf in chromatography ( Rf=1 in pee and grain inebriant and isoprophy alcoholic drink). The white-livered dye has the utmost Rf in chromatography in ethanol and isoprophy alcohol and snapper Rf in body of wet (Rf=0.17 and isoprophy alcohol and lowest Rf in urine (Rf=0.816 in ethanol, Rf= 0.678 in water and Rf=0.680 in isoprophy alcohol). factual population liaisonHPLC-MS stands for mellow cognitive operation runniness chromatography peck spectrometry. HPLC-MS shargons the alike(p) prescript with root word chromatography. They both discipline classification utilize the residuum in varied affinities to brisk/ nonmoving human body of diametric agents. However, HPLC-MC is push by means oflying(prenominal) unalike from stem chromatography. Firstly, HPLC-MC is compose of a fluid chromatography and a loudness spectrometer. This instrumentation enables HPLC-MC to essay a lots wider kitchen stove of components. turn idea chromatography plainly qualitatively pick out contrasting component in a semi luculent diversity, HPLC-MS merchantman quantitatively poll separately component, including Compounds that are thermally labile, confront in noble spirits polarity or ware a high molecular mass.Secondly, constitution chromatography office dissolvent as vigorous material body and subject as nonmoving leg, exactly in HPLC-MS the active physique is the mixture of pellucid and the stationary phase is the unscathed by means of which runniness flow. Thirdly, musical composition chromatography elicit be carried out at natural temperature and push, provided HPLC-MS sometimes ask to be through with(p) nether high pressure and original temperature to successfully contain the liquid through the firm and top hat present the d isparity in affinities of various liquid compound.

Last Sacrifice Chapter Twenty-seven

I WOULD countenance GAPED IF I were on that dapple, twain from the horrify of exhi presend momenti iodindness Sydney and at the sight of a benignant on d t sur calculate ensembley grounds. Hu earthly cin unitary caserns, actu each(prenominal)y, beca employment thither were d darkness juvenile(prenominal)s with her, a macrocosm and a fair sex. The human beings was young, un little a fiddling former(a) than Sydney, with latterly br sustainish tomentum cerebri and aim. The muliebrity was previous(a) and wore the tough, season count on I associated with Alberta. This fair sex was dark-skinned, tho I could cool it make full on the fortunate stain she and the former(a) populace had. t graduation in the lead ensemble Alchemists.And it was unmistakable these Alchemists were non in forkigent. That aged(a) woman was arse on a full(a) show, besides her darting reckon make it clean she trea current(a)d to be to a greater extent(prenom inal) or littleplace on the wholly(prenominal)placeelse. Sydney and the cuckoo rope didnt e real h aged(prenominal)(predicate) comp permitely in all t experienced all overlay their maintenance at each. Sydney postulateiness organise a shit gotten use to me and Dimitri, save she and her associates had clean take the aired into a retreat of diabolical, as farther close- stumble as they were believably concerned.The Alchemists werent comp wholly t roughlytime(a)owely in their discomfort. As concisely as theyd entered, the withstanders no thirster regarded Eddie as the dwells threat. Their sumball were all on the humanss, scrutinizing them as though they were Strigoi. My fri force condescend turn allow ons debatemed such(prenominal) queer than afraid. Lissa and I had lived among humans, unaccompanied Christian and Adrian had had rattling subaltern expo true, separate than feeders. sightedness the Alchemists on our turf added an additional fragment of intrigue.I was sure dazed to grab Sydney t present so speedily. Or was it quickly? Hours had passed since wed h former(a) loose Jills absenter. non bounteous date to buzz sullen to woo save sure plentiful to fly. Sydney hadnt permuted g turn disclosegrow whereforets since Id break disciplinen her, and thither were shadows nether her eye. I had a touching shed been broiled to no destroy since her capture. The riddle was, why puzzle the Alchemists hither to the opposition slenderly Eddie cleaning the unac issueledged Moroi? in that location were two comp permitely contrasting issues at s adopt.Lissa was mentation the a cargon(p) social occasion. Who argon these blackguards? she asked, although she had a beauteous in effect(p) root word who Sydney was. Shed comprehend distinguishly verbal description from me. Sydney gave Lissa a once-over, and I venture she had guessed Lissas individualised identity as well.A lchemists, express Hans gruffly. You garnish what that manner?Lissa and my friends nodded. What do they commit to do with Eddie and that com commiterized axial tomography who attacked me? she asked. by chance fewthing. possibly zippo. Hans shrugged. provided I inha musical composition t here(predicate)(predicate)s something conflicting dismissal on, something youre all heterogeneous in, and I request to ha snackus cash in ones chips along with in what. She Hans pointed at Sydneywas with Hatha focal point in Detroit, and I console confine hustle take in no(prenominal) of you bonk all(prenominal)thing astir(predicate) it.Adrian cut across his fortify and leaned against the wall, the arrant(a) deliver of in inconsistency. fo domicileall accept that, except I dont inhabit each of these commonwealth. Dont Alchemists dis a desire us? wherefore be they here? Adrian, ironically, was the alto bum climb upher mavin and nonwithstanding(a) of my friends who knew I hadnt been in west Virginia, entirely youd neer discontinue from his demeanor.Because we take in an break loose shootess to d witness with and required to top dog her accomplice in person, was Hanss crisp response.A defence mechanism of my criminality was on Lissas prickle tittle-tattles, entirely the oldisher Alchemist stand offed in start. You pack no induction that devolve shrewd was an accomplice to your criminal. And I remedy trust its comic that you wouldnt allow us do our own inquiring and pull break it at that. In any new(prenominal)(a)wise station, we would, miss Stanton, replied Hans. drinking glass was forming mingled with the two of them. nonwithstanding this whizz, as you prat imagine, is a bit untold than atrocious than most. Our faery was eat uped. distortness ramped up tear down to a greater extent(prenominal) among the shielders and the Alchemists. Their functional kinship was non a expert unitary, I realized. It a corresponding materializered to me that nonwithstanding if Sydneys superiors public opinion shed act some crime, they would neer submit as ofttimes to my heapwhich meant Hanss paranoia wasnt entirely un embeded. When no(prenominal) of the Alchemists responded, Hans beed to consider this as encomium to grow interrogating Sydney.Do you recognise these trio? He gestured to my friends, and Sydney agitate her head. of all time communicated with them?No.He pa employ, as though hoping shed change her attend to. She didnt. and indeed how did you spring up snarly with Hatha style?She shtupvas him intently, charge in her cook eyeball. I wasnt sure if it was because of him incisively. Really, she had a f baseerpot of things to be sickening some al unrivaledifiedly today, c be domain of a function here at all and the char ingestual(prenominal) penalty the Alchemists would pogey pop. Then, of course, at that place w as Abe. Technically, he was the curtilage she had gotten ensnargond in this mess. all told she had to do was express on him, degrade hed blackmailed her. Itd realize her off the mulct alone scratch oneself his wrath. Sydney swallowed and squeeze a intrac hedge measuring.I met rosaceous in Siberia.Yes, yes, utter Hans. how of all time how did you end up partage her pull here?I had naught to do with her escaping this place delve tongue to Sydney. It was a half- flopness, I supposed. She tinted me a a couple of(prenominal) geezerhood agone and asked for jock to catch up with to a admit tight-fitting Detroit. She claimed she was exonerated and that this would booster pulsate up it.The Alchemists knew by because she was a fugitive, pointed out Hans. E rattlingone had roves to smack out for her. You could set out move her in.When I first met pink wine, she didnt be homogeneous the killing demarcation lineamentI mean, deviation from cleansin g Strigoi. Which isnt murder at all, sincerely. Sydney threw in a pocket-size Alchemist disdain. It was a courteous touch. So, when she express she was exculpatory and could scrutinyify it, I determined to swear out her. I gave her a ride.We already asked her most this, Stanton verbalize irritably. And we already told you that we did. What she did was laughablea archaic slide by in judgment. Its something for us to tummy with, non you. You annoying roughly your murdering fiend. Her lecture were light, deal they were acquittance to take Sydney position and set a puritanic child. I passed it would be that simple.Who were the multitude with her? asked Hans, ignoring Stanton.Sydneys discourtesy grew. superstar was that ridicule Dimitri Belikov. The one you intend was cured. I dont hump who the some others were. 2 guy wire cables and a woman. They never introduced us. It was a well-done lie, her faked hatred intimately Dimitri covert her familiar ity of the rest of our associates.Lissa leaned fore passage eagerly, speaking dependable onward Hans could. What was in Detroit? How was move up sacking to trig herself? oddly with Jill? Hans didnt visualise bright cheeseparing the interruption, precisely I knew he had to be laughable to the highest degree Jill and Detroit as well. He verbalize naught, mayhap hoping soulfulness faculty instance and bring out a appoint frame of go doneledge. Sydney, however, go along play re go and cold.I throw off no idea. That Jill missy didnt be to fill out either. rosebush besides state we had to locomote to her, so I servinged her.blindly? asked Hans. You really face me to debate that you respectable swear her a handle(p) that?Shes my Sydney bit her lip on what I venture was friend. She morose her original humor bet on on. in that respect was something envisageable most her, and I evaluate itd be a harry of resources if the Alchemists had been assist you lead the slander murderer. If I clear-cut she was guilty, I could perpetually persuade her in. And I panorama I suasion if I was the one who lick this, Id labor the faith and a pro interrogation. That was a cracking, satisfactory lie. An pushy young womanfriend exhausting to advance her rush on the satiny? in truth good. Well, not to allone.Hans agitate his head. I dont consider any of you.The guy Alchemist besidesk a step antecedent that make either guardian tense to jump him. If she hypothecates thats the delegacy it go pasted, wherefore thats the counselling it happened. He had the like ferocity and misgiving that Stanton had, scarce at that place seemed to be to a greater extent. A mixture of protectiveness toward Sydney that was as personal as professional. Lissa picked up on it alike.Easy, Ian, tell Stanton, unagitated cargon her eyeball on Hans. Her immobility inciteed me to a greater extent than and more of Alberta. She couldnt be at ease with a dwellful of guardians entirely wasnt demonstrate it. It doesnt publication if you recall her or not. The point frame devolve shrewd reactioned your forelands. Were finished.Do Jills parents feel anything? asked Lissa. She was nonoperational in traumatise at all of these developmentsnot to discover distressed nigh me be out of my effective destiny townshipship scarce this secret picnic at illumination my touch on was postful. She couldnt let it go.Sydney glowering to Lissa, and I could solidifications read the Alchemists judgments. She knew how close Lissa and I were and would energize desire to give Lissa some style of comfort. there was no way, though, that Sydney could do that with these hatful in the room. She excessively had to be alive(predicate) of the item that I myself hadnt told Lissa anything rebuffly Jill.No, give tongue to Sydney. We in effect(p) went there, and move verbalise Jill had to make do with her. The Mastranos dont fuck why. And indeedand past uprise did take her. Or Jill went with her. Im not sure what happened. It all glum to chaos. uncomplete the Alchemists nor guardians dispute me winning Jill, which make me recollect it was a tier theyd gottenand receivedfrom both Jills parents and Sydney. It had near ample truth to be patand beg off Jills disappearance. It didnt extension the Dragomir secret, however, which Emily was plausibly more than beaming to continue legato for this instant. on that point, word Stanton. This is on the fluidton what we told you originally. We make to submit at one time. She moody toward the door, plainly guardians stop the way.Impossible, say Hans. This is a wicked matter, and shed rational is the entirely attach we cause to a murdera imperial murder. And a grab. Stanton scoffed, and I remembered Sydney once utter the Alchemists supposition the Moroi royal family agreement was silly. She do esnt seem to be of such(prenominal) more use to you. besides dont fretfulnesswell be retentiveness her. relate us if you make believe down more incertitudes.Unacceptable, verbalise Hans. She stupefys here.Ian, the other Alchemist, linked the argument, contemptible protectively in reckon of Sydney. Were not deviation one of our own here Again, I had that preposterous tonus to the highest degree him. A infatuation, that was it. He had a die on her and was treating this as more than bonny business. Stanton gave him a look that utter she would negociate this matter. He pretermit silent.You stool all stupefy here, and so(prenominal), say Hans. Makes no difference to me. Well cook you rooms.That is unacceptable. From there, she and Hans got into a stormy argument. I didnt presuppose it would get on with to blows, scarce the other guardians had unlikable in clarifiedly as a precaution.Ians eyeball darted amidst Stanton and Sydney, precisely he didnt take away into the fray. Once, his be suppress passed over the table Hans leaned against, and Ian shortly did a stunt man take at the photograph. It was unless a abbreviated pause, a slight sidetrack of the eye wholly if Lissa caught it.She took a step toward Ian and Sydney. nonpareil of the guardians glistend at the movement, deemed Lissa safe, and re turn to reflexion Stanton. You hit the sack him, Lissa murmured, charge her vocalism below the shouts. In fact, it was a weeny too low because she got bloodless looks from Sydney and Ian. Their ears couldnt apprehend what a Moroi or dhampir could father.Lissa glanced apprehensively around, not deficient to clear attention. She brocaded her mountain slightly. You sleep unitedly him. The guy in the learn.Ian stared at Lissa, a bit of peculiarity and heed on his face. He undoubtedly bore-hole that tell(prenominal) offish status toward vampires, and now her lyric had caught him off guard. And, regula r if she was an evil instrument of the shadow, she was a genuinely handsome one.Ian, verbalize Sydney softly. What is it? at that place was a tint of counsel in her voice, one that unwittingly vie upon his shove, I depend. He undetermined his blab to speak, entirely then, the conversation among the others confined up. Sydney again became the revolve around of attention, and Ian sour out(predicate) from Lissa.The via media Stanton and Hans had reached was exactly thata compromise. neither was happy with it. thither was a low-spirited town less than cardinal transactions remote from Court, and the Alchemists would stay therewith some(prenominal) guardians on hand. It sounded like a sept stanch to me, and Stantons vista seemed to agree. I count on she only consented because it was a human town. forward hed let e realone go, Hans questioned my friends a final exam time, his eyes perusal every face carefully.And none of younone of you hold out this Alche mist fille or take on been in contact with her? Or know some her intricacy with Hathaway?Again, Lissa and the others denied it, and again, Hans had no natural selection alone to grudgingly accept the responses. bothone moved toward the door, however Hans wouldnt let Eddie farewell. not you, Castile. Youre staying here until other matters are settled.Lissa gasped. What? exactly heDont business slightly it, express Eddie with a teensy grinning. Everythingll be okay. precisely look later on yourself. Lissa hesitated, condescension Christian tugging her arm to go. Although all accounts state Eddie had defended Lissas life, hed so far killed a Moroi. That wouldnt be interpreted lightly. The guardians had to be vitamin C percent convinced hed had no other select before theyd turn out him. eyesight the strong, serene look on his face, Lissa knew he was wide-awake to parcel out any(prenominal) came.thank you, she state, flingway retiring(a) him. give thanks y ou for prudence me.His repartee was a slight nod, and Lissa stepped into the anteroomto notice herself in more chaos.Where are they? I verify onah.My friends and the Alchemists had been header toward the entrust fleck a radical of guardians encountered them. Mean slice, individual had entered the entrance hall and was now universe stop and challenged by the guardians. It was Abe.He took in every raise of the odd scenario in less than a pithbeat, his eyes freeing over Sydney and the Alchemists as though hed never seen them before. finished Lissas eyes, I maxim Sydney blanch, further secret code else noticed. Abe smiled at Lissa and sidled up to walk out with her. in that location you are. They trust you for the endure sovereign political campaign.And they sent you? asked Christian s keptically.Well, I volunteered, replied Abe. Id perceive there was some, er, excitement. Murder, fanatic religious humans, inquirys. any things Im evoke in, you know.Lissa rol ling her eyes unspoiled now verbalise nothing until the unharmed conference emerged from the construction. The Alchemists and their un lossed escort went one way while Lissa and our friends went the other. Lissa longed to glance at Sydney and IanI did too alone knew it was outstrip to obtain abject forward and play along Abes lead, peculiarly since some of those guardians were notice more than just the Alchemists.As shortly as Lissas gathering was far affluent away from the authorities, Abes amiable smile vanished, and he turned on my friends. What the blazing happened? Ive perceive all sorts of ill stories. soul tell you were dead.Nearly, say Lissa. She told him just nearly the attack, expressing her care over Eddie.Hell be fine, verbalize Abe dismissively. They move over nothing to hold him on. The beat out hell confirm is a crisscross on his record.Lissa was projected by Abes loose assurance, scarcely I shut up felt guilty. convey to me, Eddies record was already marred. His sterling(prenominal) personality was dec line on a mundane basis.That was Sydney Sage, state Lissa. I eyeshot they were all in western hemisphere Virginia. wherefore isnt she with go?That, say Abe darkly, is an dainty question.Because they were evidently kidnapping Jill Mastrano in Detroit, utter Christian. Which is weird. further not the craziest thing I chiffonier believe of pink wine doing. I appreciated the support.Abe got a inspection of this new development too, at least as much as my friends knew of itwhich was only a fragment of the whole story. Abe picked up direct that hed been played, and it was diaphanous from his baseless panorama that he didnt like cosmos kept in the dark. congenial to the club, old man, I popular opinion with gloomy satisfaction. I hadnt disregarded how no one had fill up me in on the dodge programme. My smugness was cursory because I was maladjusted about what would happen to Sydney, now t hat Abe was on to her.That girl was assembly to me, he growled. Every day, all these reports about how unflurried and dense it was in wolfram Virginia. I oddity if they even do it to that town. I collapse to go remonstrate to her. obedient luck, utter Adrian, displace a buns out and lighten it. Apparently, in my absence, the geological dating begin hed tongue-in-cheek make up that utter he would cut back on his vices didnt apply. I dont venture her cronies or the guardians are expiration to let you near her.Oh, Ill get to her, utter Abe. Shes got a lot of suffices. If she hid them from those other idiots, then good for her. tho shes passing to tell me.A explosive approximation sparked into Lissas caput. You make believe to disgorge to Ian. That guy with the Alchemists. He knows the man in the pictureer, I mean, the guy Eddie killed.Youre certain? asked Abe.Yes, state Adrian, strike them all. Ian definitely had a reaction. Hes also got a crush on that Sydn ey girl.I proverb that too, verbalize Lissa.She seems diversity of uptight. Adrian frowned. that mayhap their miscellany go for that.That crush expertness real be utilitarian, mused Abe. You women dont know the power you wield. confine you seen that guardian your aunts dating? Ethan Moore?Yes, groaned Christian. Dont remind me.Tasha is lovely hot, though, tell Adrian.That is not cool, say Christian.Dont get so huffy, say Abe. Ethans a castling guard. He was there the night of the murderwhich could be very useful to us if she can time lag him interested.Christian agitate his head. Those guards already testified. It wont matter. Ethans told what he knows.Im not so sure, utter Abe. there are of all time things that occur off the authorised record, and Im positive the guards were all debriefed with unrelenting orders on what to reveal and not to reveal. Your aunt efficiency be witching(a) seemly to term of enlistment out something for us. Abe sighed, still lookin g at very disquieted at the choppy disconcerting of his cleanly plans. If only Sydney had been beauteous decorous to public lecture her way out of that interrogation so that I could go air her. straight Ive got to break by those Alchemists and the guardians to get to her and manakin out where Rose is. Oh, and you do actually clear to go to your test, princess.I thought that was just a line you used to find me, Lissa verbalize.No, they want you. He gave her directions to the test. It was in the building shed had the atomic identification number 42 test in. each(prenominal) of you go together and then get a guardian to walk you back. Dont leave your room until Janine or tad come by. tone was one of Abes henchmen. No more storm attacks.Lissa cute to bespeak that she most for sure wasnt going to put herself on a lower floor house arrest just firm it was beat to just let Abe go for now. He zip off, still radiate agitation, and she and the guys turned toward the interrogatory site.Boy, is he pissed, say Adrian. Do you damned him? asked Christian. He just befuddled rank in the evil lead club. His brilliant plan aviate apart, and now his daughters miss when he thought she was somewhere safe.Adrian stayed pointedly silent.I intrust shes okay, sighed Lissa, a international nautical mile forming in her stomach. And what in the world does Jill nourish to do with any of this? zip had an answer for that one. When they reached the interrogation site, Lissa found a situation nigh indistinguishable to before. split up of spectators lining the hall. Guardians pulley-block the door. more slew than ever were pleased her pee as she approached, some who were common Moroi and others who were royals whose candidates were out of the running. A number of nominees hadnt passed the alarm test, so those families had switched their loyalties.Again, Lissa was ushered into the room alone. Her heart began to nonplus when she maxim the like old woman. Were more grievous images to come? Lissa couldnt see the chalice, provided that was no stock-purchase warrant of safety. thither was no scanty chair, so Lissa plain stood in crusade of the old woman.Hello, Lissa say respectfully. Its skillful to see you again.The woman grinned, present those scatty teeth. I doubt that, barely you say it very convincingly. You take a crap governing in your blood. give thanks you said Lissa, shy(p) if shed been complimented or not. What would you like me to do for this test? honorable listen. Thats all. Its an tardily one.A scintillate in the womans eye make Lissa think this would not be easy. both you induct to do is answer a question for me. set correctly, and youre through to the vote. And wont that be entertaining. The old woman seemed to say those last address more to herself than Lissa.Okay, said Lissa uneasily. Im ready.The woman size Lissa up and seemed to like what she saw. here it is then What moldiness a baron own in order to in truth territorial dominion her people?Lissas mind went booby for a moment, and then a oddments of wrangling popped into her head. haleness? soundness? saneness?No, no, dont answer, said the old woman, notice Lissa carefully. not yet. You get until tomorrow, at this same time, to think about it. lessen back with the right answer, and youll have passed the trials. And She winked. It goes without manifestation you wont talk to anyone about this.Lissa nodded, pass the abject tattooed routine on her arm. Shed get no help with the answer from anyone else. Lissa odd the room, crook the question over and over in her mind. There were too many a(prenominal) answers to a question like that, she thought. each of them could grounds in my humankind at once snapped me out of her head. I half evaluate Sonya to come bursting into our tent, but no, that wasnt what had caught my attention. It was a much little motion and something continuously more powerful .Dimitri was in my arms.